The cornerstone of disaster governance in India — establishing a comprehensive framework for prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Enacted on 26th December 2005, following the Indian Ocean Tsunami tragedy.
National Disaster Management Authority — Apex body chaired by the Prime Minister. Lays down policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster management. Coordinates response at national level.
State Disaster Management Authority — Headed by the Chief Minister of each state. Responsible for state-level disaster plans, coordination, and implementation of national policies.
District Disaster Management Authority — District collector/magistrate as chairperson. Ensures preparedness, response, and local-level action plans. The most critical operational tier.
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) comprises 16 battalions with specialized rescue, flood relief, chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) capabilities. Deployed across India for rapid response.
State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) also established in several states.
The Act empowers authorities to ensure strict compliance and accountability during disaster situations.
To establish an integrated approach for disaster management with a shift from response-centric to proactive prevention, mitigation, and preparedness, creating statutory institutions at national, state, and district levels.
The Prime Minister of India is the ex-officio Chairperson of the National Disaster Management Authority.
Yes, the Act was extensively used during COVID-19 to enforce lockdowns, quarantine protocols, and coordinate nationwide response, as upheld by courts.
District Disaster Management Authority is the implementing body at district level, responsible for preparation of district disaster management plans, coordination, and ensuring response readiness.